Les chiffres dans la prose : lire les nombres d'un œil critique

P46.b2-reading.14 · Audience: guest, language-pro, it-ml

Unité CE-10 · campagne 8 · un pourcentage n'est jamais innocent.

B2 informative texts increasingly test numeracy through language: the sentence is grammatically simple, but the number inside it is dressed to mislead, and the questions ask whether you noticed. Four dressing techniques, each with its unmasking move:

  1. The base effect. La fréquentation a bondi de deux cents pour cent — from 300 to 900 visitors. Spectacular percentage, small reality. Unmask: find the absolute numbers; a good author plants them nearby (on est passé de… à…), often with a deflating comparison.
  2. Relative vs absolute risk. Réduit le risque de trente pour cent can mean 2 % → 1.4 %: six patients in a thousand. Unmask: convert the percentage of a percentage into people. The phrase un ordre de grandeur que la publicité se garde de donner is the author doing this for you.
  3. The captive sample. Un Français sur deux… — surveyed by whom? Commandée par une banque en ligne, menée sur son propre site. Unmask: read the note de bas de page reflexively; the commanditaire and the recruitment method decide the study's worth.
  4. Nominal vs real. Le budget augmente de trois pour cent — with inflation at 4.2 %, that is a cut en euros constants. Unmask: any money increase must be compared to inflation before you call it a rise.

The exam's cruelest sentence pattern: tout est vrai dans la phrase ; tout est faux dans l'impression qu'elle laisse. The items give you four such phrases.

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