Les pièges d'homophones dans la rédaction : a/à, ses/ces, c'est/s'est, ou/où

P47.orthography-and-agreement.06 · Audience: guest, language-pro, it-ml

Unité PE-13 · campagne 5 · l'oreille n'entend rien, seul le test tranche.

French homophones are invisible to the ear: a/à, ses/ces, c'est/s'est, ou/où all sound identical, and the exam corrector spots each wrong one at a glance. For a Russian-speaking learner there is no rescue from pronunciation — every pair needs a two-second substitution test, run mechanically during the relecture.

The four tests, one per pair:

a / à — replace with avait. « Elle a remis sa réclamation »elle avait remis holds, so verb a. « …a la direction »avait la direction collapses, so preposition à.

ses / ces — ask whose? If you can say les siennes, it is the possessive ses: « le candidat relit ses notes » (his own). If you could point a finger at them — those ones there — it is the demonstrative ces.

c'est / s'est — replace c' with cela. « C'est une erreur »cela est une erreur works. But « la direction s'est engagée »cela est engagée is nonsense: this is the pronominal verb s'engager, so s'est.

ou / où — the accent marks place (and time): « la ville où j'habite ». Bare ou is the choice, replaceable by ou bien: « le guichet central ou une antenne régionale ».

These four pairs account for a disproportionate share of the orthography penalty on B2 copies, precisely because they survive every spell-of-the-ear rereading. Fold them into pass 1 of your relecture method: while sweeping for accents you are already looking at a/à and ou/où; ses/ces and c'est/s'est ride along at no extra cost. The practice below drills each substitution until it fires without thought.

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