Le conditionnel présent : politesse, hypothèse, information non confirmée
P50.verb-systems.05 · Audience: guest, language-pro, it-ml
Unité GR-27 · campagne 13 · je voudrais, je voyagerais, il serait malade.
Formation first, because it is the easy half: take the future stem (the infinitive, minus the final -e for -re verbs) and add the imparfait endings -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient. Irregular future stems carry over unchanged: pouvoir → pourr-, vouloir → voudr-, être → ser-, avoir → aur-, faire → fer-.
| voyager | vouloir | être | |
|---|---|---|---|
| je | voyagerais | voudrais | serais |
| vous | voyageriez | voudriez | seriez |
| ils | voyageraient | voudraient | seraient |
Russian builds all of this with one particle — бы — so the real work is recognising the three French jobs:
- Politeness. The conditional softens a request: Je voudrais un café. Pourriez-vous fermer la fenêtre ? Plain je veux / pouvez-vous sounds abrupt in a shop or an email; the conditional is the neutral polite register, not an optional flourish.
- Hypothesis. The B2 workhorse pattern: si + imparfait →
conditional. Si j'avais plus de temps, je voyagerais plus souvent.
À ta place, j'accepterais. Keep the conditional out of the
si-clause itself —
si j'auraisis the error every examiner hunts. - Unconfirmed information. The journalistic conditional reports a fact without vouching for it: Selon la presse, l'accord serait signé demain. Le ministre démissionnerait. Russian needs a word like якобы or по сообщениям; French folds the reservation into the verb itself. Expect this constantly in DELF reading passages.
One spelling-ear warning: je voyagerai (future) and je voyagerais (conditional) differ only in a final letter most speakers do not pronounce distinctly — in dictation, let the si-clause or the politeness context decide. The practice covers all three jobs plus formation.
Going further
Minimal pairs. One change between the two sentences, and what it does:
| Sentence | Its pair | What the one change does |
|---|---|---|
| Je voyagerai en juin. | Je voyagerais en juin. | futur (a plan) against conditionnel (if I could) |
| Je veux un café. | Je voudrais un café. | the conditionnel makes a request polite |
| Tu dois partir. | Tu devrais partir. | an obligation against advice |
| Le ministre a démissionné. | Le ministre aurait démissionné. | a fact against an unconfirmed report |
More jobs of the conditionnel: advice (tu devrais te reposer), wish (j'aimerais voir la mer), impression (on dirait qu'il va pleuvoir), imaginary play (on serait des pirates).
Audible pairs with the imparfait — the double r: je pourrais / je pouvais, je courrais / je courais, je mourrais / je mourais.
Spelling follows the futur stem: j'appellerais, j'achèterais, je paierais — see les verbes qui changent pour se prononcer.
| Written | Correct | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Si j'aurais le temps… | Si j'avais le temps… | never a conditionnel after si (hypothesis) |
| Je voulais un café, s'il vous plaît. | Je voudrais un café, s'il vous plaît. | politeness → conditionnel |
| je courais demain si… | je courrais demain si… | conditionnel: double r |
In Russian бы goes on both sides — если бы у меня было время, я бы поехал — which is where
si j'aurais comes from. French keeps the conditionnel for the result only.
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Le conditionnel passé : regret, reproche, information non confirmée au passé →Verb Systems (written) · P50
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